New York State Unit Study - Geography, State Symbols Facts

These state unit studies are designed to help children learn the geography of the United States and learn factual information about every state. These studies are great for children in the public and private education system as well as homeschooled children. Print the United States Map and color each state as you study it. Keep map at the front of your notebook for use with each state. Print the State Information Sheet and fill in the information as you find it. Print the New York State Outline Map and fill in the state capital, large cities and state attractions that you find. Answer the following questions on lined paper in complete sentences. State Capital What is the capital?Virtual Tour of the State CapitolState Flag What is Justice holding and what do they represent?Flag Quiz/PrintoutState Flower When was the state flower officially adopted?State Fruit When was the state fruit adopted?State Bird When do these birds return north?State Animal What is the state animal?State Fish Where are these fish found?State Insect How does this insect help gardeners?State Fossil What crab is this fossil related to?State Shell How do these scallops swim?State Tree When was the state tree adopted?State Gem What color is this gem?State Song Who wrote the state song?State Seal When was the current seal created?State Motto What is the state motto and what does it mean?State Muffin Make this state muffin and enjoy with the state beverage!State Beverage What is the state beverage? New York Printable Pages - Learn more about New York with these printable worksheets and coloring pages. Fun in the Kitchen - The official muffin of New York State, the Apple Muffin, was created by elementary school children in North Syracuse, New York. Try their official recipe. Presidents born in New York: Theodore RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt History - Learn about the history of New York. Big Apple Factoids - A New York Matching Game - be sure to read the facts after you find the match! New York Underground - New Yorkers go about unaware of what is happening just beneath their feet: Power pulses, information flies, and steam flows. Go on this virtual field trip underground! Niagara: The Story of the Falls - Take a journey down the perilous Niagara River, play the daredevil trivia adventure, explore the timeline of falls firsts, and discover surprising stories in snapshots of the falls. Empire State Building - Find fun facts, go on a photo tour, and play some games. The Chrysler Building - Pictures of this New York City skyscraper. Word Search - Find the hidden New York related words. Coloring Book - Print and color these pictures of the New York state symbols. Fun Facts - What is the states longest river? Read these fun New York facts and find out. Capitol Minutes - Short audio presentation of historical and educational interest. Buck Mountain - Take a virtual hike up Buck Mountain. Crossword Puzzle - Can you solve the crossword puzzle? Word Find - Find the hidden New York State Regions. Word Scramble - Can you unscramble these New York State symbols? Odd New York Law: It used to be illegal to ring the doorbell and disturb the occupant of a house.

Symbolism In A Rose For Emily - 1276 Words

Symbolism is the use of an object or a word to represent an abstract idea. Its often used by writers to represent a hidden message or a hint in a story. The short Stories A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner and Everyday Use by Alice Walker are great examples of the use of symbolism. In A Rose for Emily Faulkner uses symbolism to create a Story about a woman called Emily whose life is surrounded by mysteries, especially after the death of her father and the disappearance of her beloved Homer. Falkner uses symbolism to hide several messages through the Story which, in my opinion, sounds very morbid as things happen. In Everyday Use, Alice Walker symbolizes her messages through a beautiful detailed story where Mrs. Johnson also†¦show more content†¦Emily herself is also considered a symbol. She has a great admiration for her father for her father who have always protect her from everything, specially from men. After he passes way Emily doesnt want to accept his death and beco ming completely isolated on her house refusing any kind of change around her. Emily grows older and has a sort of tragic and serene(227) appearance. Her obsession of keep the same life style she used to have when her father was alive makes Emily set her own rules in Town. She wants to keep a verbal agreement her father had excusing her from paying taxes, refuses the modernization on mail, and keeps her old fashioned world inside of her house while the world outside is changing. Emily tries to keep the same status of the high society group she used to belong. Her attempt to stay in the past represents the decline of this social group, the representation of an old society refusing the new, the modernization, the technology. The symbols help the author of A Rose for Emily address the message of we cant avoid the changes around us. The world is in constant changing and we have to follow it. In Every Day Use, Alice Walker also uses several symbols to transmit her message to the readers. Living in a rural area, Mrs. Johnson cleans her yard to the arrival of her daughter Dee whos coming to visit her from city. On the first paragraph she prepares the yard carefully and describes the yard carefully. AShow MoreRelatedA Rose for Emily: Symbolism1460 Words   |  6 PagesLancaster English 132 S.Higgins July,06 2009 In William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, the symbolism shows more about the character than is detailed by the author. Authors generally use symbolism as a way to represent the intangible qualities of the characters, places, and events in their work. Symbolism helps to indicate several things in a story. In A Rose for Emily Faulkner uses symbolism to define and characterize Emily Grierson. There are many symbols in this story each one has a special meaningRead MoreSymbolism in a Rose for Emily1508 Words   |  7 PagesOctober 2015 Word Count: 1,305 Small Signs Symbolism in literature is using an object to portray a different, deeper meaning in a story. Symbols represent ideas or qualities that the author has maneuvered into his or her story that has meaning. There can be multiple symbols in a story or just one. It is up to the reader to interpret the meaning of the symbols and their significance to the story. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner effectively uses symbolism to illustrate the fading glory of the OldRead MoreSymbolism In Rose For Emily892 Words   |  4 Pagesto describe that in the story â€Å"Rose for Emily† through the main character, Miss Emily Grierson who suffered from necrophilia. This story is enriched with full of symbolism, along with a deep-rooted issues and messages. Symbolism helps to gives readers to think about text and hidden themes that go along with the symbols. This gives reading a more rich and vivid experience. There are symbols lurking in every corner of this short story. William Fa ulkners use of symbolism captures audiences consciousRead MoreSymbolism In A Rose For Emily734 Words   |  3 Pagesstory â€Å"A Rose for Emily, Emily was raised with an extremely fiercely over protective Father. A Father that turns away any potential man, as he believes no one is good enough for his precious daughter Emily. Emily would continue to live with her Father until his death. The events that occur in this story are shrouded in symbolism and mystery. Though Emily will find a man this story has yet a bizarre, perplexing, creepy, and very unhappy ending. Emily’s house, symbolic similar to Emily, is theRead MoreSymbolism in A Rose for Emily Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in literature is using an object to portray a different, deeper meaning in a story. Symbols represent ideas or qualities that the author has maneuvered into his or her story that has meaning. There can be multiple symbols in a story or just one. It is up to the reader to interpret the meaning of the symbols and their significance to the story. While reading a story, symbols may not become clear until the very end, once the climax is over, and the falling action is covered. In William Faulkner’sRead MoreA Rose For Emily Symbolism Analysis1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe Symbolism of the Setting in Faulkner’s and Hemingway’s Stories The place where the story is set plays the most significant role in the majority of fiction pieces, since it is the setting that outlines the plot development and influences the heroes’ decisions and general characteristics. In Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† the setting is raised to the symbolic level. When the outside portrayal does not correspond to what is happening inside the characterRead MoreSymbolism In A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner879 Words   |  4 PagesTill Death Do Us Part In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† William Faulkner writes a gothic toned short story about spending life holding onto the past and lost love, and the toll life can take on ones self. The main character Emily Grierson is a woman who lives in the house of her deceased father in the south during the late 1800’s/ early 1900’s, and spends her life secluded while trying to hold onto love and refuses change. The main character holds onto the things in her life including love and inexperienceRead MoreEssay about Symbolism in A Rose For Emily1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe main symbolism running throughout A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, is the theme of how important it is to let go of the past. Miss Emily clings to the past and does not want to be independent. The Old South is becoming the new South and she cannot move forward. The residents of the South did not all give in to change just because they lost the Civil War. In A Rose for Emily time marches on leaving Miss Em ily behind as she stubbornly refuses to progress into a new era. In the story, symbolismRead MoreSymbolism Of A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages Symbolism meaning: Analysis of the symbolism of â€Å"The for Emily† by William Faulkner In the story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, Emily Grierson is the protagonist who also represents the Jefferson communities’ past and present by following her life backward and her house and the people in a community to represent the changes throughout time. William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† shows the progress of the small southern town Jefferson through the life of one woman, and the symbols ofRead MoreSymbolism in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner Essay555 Words   |  3 PagesSymbolism in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner William Faulkner used a great deal of symbolism in this story. His use of symbolism captivated the reader until the shocking end of the story. Some of the symbolism was blatant while some was vague and disguised. While Faulkner’s use of the color white in this story wasn’t obvious at first it soon becomes clear that the color white represents innocence and youth. The Grierson house was white and when Miss Emily was a young girl she wore

My Mother and Unconditional Love Essay Example For Students

My Mother and Unconditional Love Essay Friends and family play an important part in our lives and make us who we are today. One of the biggest influences in our lives can be our own family. If I had to pick one person who has had the greatest impact in my life it would be without a doubt, the woman who had me. She’s taught me everything I know, she taught me how to eat right and dress myself, to how to react to any situation. She taught me little things like how to tie my shoes and to be polite and respectful to adults. I would be lost without her, I can trust her, and she’s very important to me. Here’s why, first of all, she listens to me. When I have no one else to talk to and I’m going through stuff she’s always there, she’s always been here for me. She’s my security blanket. No matter how bad of a day she had, she will always be there to listen to me. I talk to her about everything, even things that aren’t always easy to talk about. I know that whatever I tell my mom she’ll understand, and that she won’t go letting other people know, she might get upset about it at first but she’ll comprehend. No matter the amount of times you screw up, your parents will always learn to forgive you and are always going to love you the same way. That’s something I’ve had to learn the hard way, but my parents were always there Even when she’s had a bad day at work and things aren’t going her way she still somehow finds the time to sit down and talk to myself and my brother, she always makes time for us. She puts up with my mood swings, my constant chatter, nonstop requests, and still manages to keep our home, and everyone in it, in order. She always manages a way to calm me down when no one else can. Whenever something becomes too much for me to handle on my own, she’s always there helping me through it and making up a game plan. She always seems to have the answer to my problems. No matter what the situation is she always makes me feel better. And she does this all with a smile, even when I forget to say thank you. This woman loves me so much that I sometimes get frustrated at her for not letting me make my own decisions, but she knows what’s best for me. A parent always knows what’s best for their child. And that honest stinks because I don’t always agree with their decisions but you just have to honor your parents and do what they ask you to. We have our moments, it’s not all nice and peachy all the time, and we definitely have our ups and downs. But it’s just a matter of knowing how to apologize. Her love is unconditional, so she is forgiving. One of the great things about her is that she understands that I’m my own person, I’ll always be her little girl, but I’m a young women now and right now I have to focus on myself and think about my future and what I want to do with my life. I have to be a little selfish right now. And she forgives because she understands that. She’s an adult, and she’s been there. It can be hard to remember sometimes, but it’s something I won’t forget. She’s a good Influence, she is always encouraging me to reach my full potential. She supports me and always encourages me to go after my dreams. She has taught me what is right and what is wrong, and what I should do when I make a bad decision. She is always a voice of reason in the back of my head, which helps me get through my bad days and make my good days even better. Most of all, she teaches me how to be compassionate and loving. It’s important to have someone like that in your life; it will help you become the best person you can be. Since our families are there with us from the start, they know everything about us and they’re the ones who truly help shape our values and personalities.

Night and Life Is Beautiful free essay sample

In chapter one, Moshie explains, â€Å"they were forced to dig huge trenchs without passion or haste, they shot the prisoners, who were forced to approach the trench one by one and offer their necks. Infants were tossed into the air and used as targets for the machine guns. † (Wiesel 6) This is the scene that really set the tone for the book. Since Night is a memoir as apposed to a comedy film it is ten times as graphic and is full of Wiesel’s personal details, which limit the readers view to only Ellie’s experiences and it also means that the information covered is limited. The film is energetic and upbeat til the middle of the film. At the middle it takes a dramatic turn when Guido and his son are sent to the concentration camp, the film never completely looses its upbeat tone intirely tho as Guido did everything in his power to convince his son that it was all a game for his birthday. We will write a custom essay sample on Night and Life Is Beautiful or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page there was a few dramatic scenes, like when Guido was shot dead, but other then the select few scenes the second half of the movie is bittersweet in a way. Night is an autobiography set in the holocaust, being someones own experience gives it a more reliable view of the time period and also the facts in the memoir are 100 percent factual which gives it more shock value. Elie’s experiences help one better understand the holocaust as well as understanding Elie. Life is Beautiful is a dramatic comedy set in the holocaust, but honestly could of been set in any time period. A lot of the details are unreliable and completely crazy. here are times when this is clear such as when Guido gets on the loud speaker, or when he plays that song. the comedic way in which the story was told is a mockery of the holocaust and really should of been set in a different time period. Throughout both works, there are some common themes. Both stress the importance of the father to son relationship which is clear when you examine each of them closely. Elie’s dad begins to weaken as the story progresses and if it wasnt for their bond he may of died s ooner then he did. Elie kept his father alive for most of the memoir, after his father dies he covers everything faster and in much less detail. In Life Is Beautiful, Guido is the one helping his son so the situation is opposite then that of Night. If Guido hadn’t done everything he could of for his son, then he would of died at the very beginning when they did the first selection. One theme that makes Night unique is silence, silence is what Wiesel blames for the holocaust, if people had spoken up and done something, then millions of people would be alive. Moishe was the first hint at what was to come in the book, and nobody believed him because he was the only one speaking out against the Nazis. In both works one important theme is survival. In Night, Elie and his father fight to survive by any means necessary. In Life Is Beautiful, Guido is more concerned with keeping his son alive then himself. As one can now see, even though both works are about the holocaust they each contain their own special charteristics that set them apart from one another. Examining the tones, genres, and themes theese similarities and differences are quite clear.

Comparing Keats Odes Essay Example

Comparing Keats Odes Paper KEATS: COMPARITIVE STUDY OF THE TWO ODES: Keats’s odes, on the level of superficial reading can be seen as a brilliant rendering of a scene, a season or a mood; the final perfection of English landscape poetry. The two odes, namely, â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale† and â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn† appeal directly to the physical senses through a recognition of the physical reality of experience. However, such simplified conclusion is misleading as it disregards the poet’s complex thought process- where sensuousness and contemplation get unified. The central themes of the two poems are neither a nightingale nor an urn, but, the poet’s eternal search for a center of refuge in a world of flux. It is through such a conception that Keats sets to resolve the dichotomy between the world of the ideal and that of reality within the order of experience. In â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale†, the poet addresses a bird which appeals to his physical senses and seeks to unite with it. In the beginning, the poet is seen in a state of trance, happy beyond human endurance in his empathy with the bird’s song. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Keats Odes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Keats Odes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Keats Odes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Yet, he oscillates between the world of imagination and reality unable to reconcile them. At this moment, the wine, â€Å"cool’d a long age in deep delv’d earth† becomes an agent to carry him to the platonic ideal state of perfection but ironically fails to make him win over his mortality. His desire to escape grows and seems almost fulfilled in the fourth stanza- he feels himself placed with the nightingale- amidst the forest which is so dark’ that even the presence of a throned moon is conjectural. â€Å"Already with thee†- he exclaims in recognition of an identification of himself with the spirit of the bird. However, the very same statement presupposes â€Å"I† and â€Å"Thee† and indicates that this is not a true union, since, in a perfect union, the individual entities fuse to form a whole. The poet fails to become one with the bird, he can only â€Å"accompany† the bird (be with it). He realizes, as he returns to reality and relates his enrapturing experience with it—that man with his quality of transience cannot participate in the world of Imagination forever. He mentions, â€Å"fancy† and calls it â€Å"deceiving elf†, perhaps as a foil to Imagination. The experience of merging with the nightingale is based on sensual physicality and lacks the elevation of spiritual awareness. He is left perplexed regarding his state of consciousness while the receding music discards him from the world of ideal at a moment when he is not ready to confront reality. This conflict is carried on to â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn†, where Keats acknowledges that â€Å"heard melodies are sweet but those unheard are sweeter†. In the beginning of this ode there is recognition of permanence in art. The poem is a sober and disciplined work of art, where passion and intellect fuse in a rounded perception, just like the urn which it talks about. He uses a series of imagery inspired by the carvings on the urn. Interestingly, he reflects on the presence of â€Å"absence†- the music unheard, the empty streets waiting for the people to return, the unfelt communion of the lovers who never unite. Thus, despite recognizing the superiority of Imagination over reality, he is troubled by the â€Å"cold pastoral† lifelessness of the moment frozen on the urn. In both the odes, Douglas Bush observes, â€Å"†¦ is a belief that whereas the momentary experience of beauty is fleeting, the embodiment of that moment in art, in song or in marble†¦ is an imperishable source of joy. † However, this embodiment is not infused with life. The beauty of the maiden is eternally true, but equally true is the lack of satiation of the lovers. Keats’ sensuousness reaches a greater level of perfection through this recognition of absence. Therefore, one might feel that it is easy to bring all the senses in ones poetry. However, as far as Keats is concerned it is not just how he mentions various sensations of sight, sound, touch, taste and smell—it is about the flowers that he â€Å"can not see†, the music that he can not hear, the mystery that he can not unravel. His negative capability does not remain just a means to achieve objective distance from his own self, by negating himself to experience the world from a different viewpoint, but also to attempt to understand these sensations that even the inhabitants of that â€Å"different† point cannot experience. This conflict between the present sensation and â€Å"absence†, fancy and imagination, transience and permanence is finally resolved in â€Å"To Autumn†. In this poem Keats understands that true fulfillment does not come from permanence but from maturation: â€Å"Ripeness is all†. However as he pens down the first two odes, this recognition does not dawn on him. He is still unable to solve the riddle of reality but his sensuousness makes him understand the disparity between the ideal and real and his contemplation makes him all the more eager to solve the riddle.

Caring for Individuals with Acute Mental Health Needs The WritePass Journal

Caring for Individuals with Acute Mental Health Needs Abstract Caring for Individuals with Acute Mental Health Needs ). Suicidal behaviour is a persistent and lethal public health problem that is among the leading cause of death worldwide (Mitchell et al. 2009). Depression is a important risk factor for suicide (Knapp and Ilson, 2002).   It can increase suicidal tendencies four-times higher compared with the general population, this can increase 20-fold in the severely ill (Bostwick Pankratz, 2000). Suicide accounts for ~ 1% of deaths, while two-thirds of these deaths occur in depressed individuals (Sartorius, 2001). There are several forms of depressive disorders, including major depressive disorder, which can interfere with everyday living, characterised by an inability to work, sleep, study, eat or take enjoyment in activities , as stated in the Quality Standards (QS8) (NICE, 2001). Minor depression is diagnosed when symptoms have persisted for 2+ weeks as in the case of Michael, but do not meet the total evaluation for major depression (Moussavi et al., 2007). However, without treatment minor depression can develop into major depressive disorder (Nicholson et al. 2006). Furthermore, an estimated 50% of depressed individuals are not recognised in primary care (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009). Diagnosis Depression can be reliably diagnosed and is covered by QS8. Diagnosis of depression is based on its severity and persistence, as well as the occurrence of other symptoms, as well as the extent of functional and social impairment (Kupfer, 1991). The National Health Service (NHS) has a number of models to aid clinicians to diagnose depression. Recognition, assessment and initial administration of individuals presenting with symptoms of depression is covered by the GC90 NICE guidelines, which states that persons presenting with symptoms of depression should be referred to appropriate professionals if the practitioner is not competent in mental health assessments (NICE, 2004, 2007, 2009). Michael’s presentation and the complication of suicide thoughts means that Michael is on step 4 of the stepped care model (figure 1) and was referred immediately to an acute psychiatric ward. Figure 1: Stepped care model (NICE 2009) Risk assessment Michael has suicidal thoughts, which means he presents considerable immediate risk to himself and so requires referral to specialist mental health services (DH, 2007).   However, referral can result in increased anxiety, agitation and suicidal ideation during initial treatment. As such, medical staff should be vigilant for mood changes, negativity, hopelessness and suicidal ideation, and increased support should be provided such as frequent contact (NICE, 2004). Evidence-Based Practice and Treatment There are a number of effective treatments for depression. The recommended treatment options for moderate to severe depression, as stated by the World Health Organisation (WHO), consists of psychosocial assistance in conjunction with antidepressant medication and/or psychotherapy, which includes CBT, interpersonal psychotherapy or problem-solving treatments. Initial treatment of depression often begins when the patient consults their GP, NICE (2011) states that a comprehensive assessment is required that is more than a symptom tally, but accounts for functional impairment or disability. To ensure this the GP will frequently give the patient a questionnaire to fill in for assessment which may use rating scales such as GAD, PHQ or Whooley. Michael was assessed as significant risk to himself, therefore he was referred to a specialist mental health service. NICE (2011) states that effective delivery of interventions for depression requires competent practitioners to deliver interventions, which may include psychosocial and psychological interventions. Michael’s treatment would consist of medication, however as he presents with suicidal ideation, medication toxicity as well as the quantities issued, should be assessed stringently (Simon et al., 2006). Antidepressants can be valuable in treating moderate to severe depression, but should not be the primary form of treatment for mild depression (WHO, 1992). The potential side-effects, addiction potential and importance of taking prescribed medication should be explained (Anderson, et al., 2008). Medication support should be provided for at least six months following remission of a depressive episode of (Jick et al., 2004). Michael should be monitored by nursing staff and he should be reassured that he can talk to them, although he must be told that staff have a duty to inform the doc tors of any concerns. It is important to remember to not offer false reassurance; problem-solving is the best treatment. If Michael is released into the community, he should be monitored at least weekly (WHO, 1992). NICE (2011) guidelines suggests that patients with continual sub-threshold depressive symptoms should be offered self-help guides on cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) either manual or computerised, or structured group activity programmes. Michael (and his family, if he consents) should be advised of the expected symptoms, such as the potential for increased agitation and to be mindful of mood changes, negativity and suicidal ideation (Waraich et al., 2004). He should be offered some form of psychological therapy, especially to help with his feelings of loss, due to his failed romance and any other lifestyle problems that may be affecting him. These could include behavioural activation, cognitive-analytic therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and do-it-yourself CBT, group therapy, counselling (family or relationship), interpersonal therapy or psychodynamic psychotherapy/psychoanalysis (Simon et al., 2004). The use of psychosocial/psychological treatment and medication are benef icial in treating moderate to severe depression, such as Michael’s case. Competence frameworks should ensure the patient receives regular supervision, reviewed treatments with monitoring and evaluation of those treatments that may include video or audio tapes and external scrutiny (NICE, 2011) .Collaborative care ought to consist of case management, which should be administered by a senior mental health professional. Care of depressed individuals also requires close cooperation between primary and secondary health services and/or specialist mental health services. Finally, long-term coordination of care and good follow-up with Michael will reduce the risks associated with recurrence of depression. Conclusion The best clinical practice for depression in adults has been defined in QS8, which discusses the measures, audience descriptors, and assessment and clinical management of depression required to provide to patient.   The current guidelines for depression ensure that patients are no longer simply given antidepressants in the long-term without psychosocial/psychological treatments which ensure the patient is involved in their recovery. However, while best practices are derived from the best research evidence available, they are not a replacement for professional acuity and clinical judgement (NICE 2011). References American Psychiatric Association (Ed.) (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. 4th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Anderson, I.M., Ferrier, I.N., Baldwin, R.C. et al. (2008) Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: a revision of the 2000 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines. Journal of Psychopharmacology 22(4), 343-396. Bostwick, J.M. and Pankratz, V.S. (2000) Affective disorders and suicide risk: a reexamination. American Journal of Psychiatry 157(12), 1925-1932. DH (2007) Best practice in managing risk: principles and evidence for best practice in the assessment and management of risk to self and others in mental health services. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. Jick, H., Kaye, J.A. and Jick, S.S. (2004) Antidepressants and the risk of suicidal behaviors. Journal of the American Medical Association 292(3), 338-343. Knapp, M. and Ilson, S. (2002) Economic aspects of depression and its treatment. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 15(1), 69-75. Kupfer, D.J. (1991) Long-term treatment of depression. 52(Suppl), 28-34. Mitchell, A.J., Vaze, A. and Rao, S. (2009) Clinical diagnosis of depression in primary care: a meta-analysis. Lancet 374(9690), 609-619. Moussavi, S., Chatterji, S., Verdes, E. et al. (2007) Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet 370(9590), 851-858. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (2009a) Depression in adults (update): full NICE guideline. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (2009) Depression in adults with a chronic physical health problem: treatment and management (full NICE guideline). National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. NICE (2004) Depression: management of depression in primary and secondary care (NICE guideline) [Replaced by clinical guideline 90 (CG90)]. Clinical guideline 23. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. NICE (2007) Depression (amended): management of depression in primary and secondary care (NICE guideline). [Replaced by clinical guideline 90 (CG90)]. NICE clinical guideline 23 (amended). National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. NICE (2009) Depression. The treatment and management of depression in adults (NICE guideline). National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. NICE (2011) Quality standard on depression in adults. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.nice.org.uk. Accessed Jan 2013. Nicholson, A., Kuper, H. and Hemingway, H. (2006) Depression as an aetiologic and prognostic factor in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of 6362 events among 146 538 participants in 54 observational studies. European Heart Journal 27(23), 2763-2774. Sartorius, N. (2001) The economic and social burden of depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 62(Suppl 15), 8-11. Simon, H.C., Bruce, M.L., Lee, P.W. et al. (2004) Preventing suicide in primary care patients: the primary care physicians role. General Hospital Psychiatry 26(5), 337-345. Simon, G.E., Savarino, J., Operskalski, B. and Wang, P.S. (2006) Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(1), 41-47. Waraich, P., Goldner, E.M., Somers, J.M. and Hsu, L. (2004) Prevalence and incidence studies of mood disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 49(2), 124-138. WHO (1992) The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization. www.who.int. Accessed Jan 2013. WHO who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en/index.html. Accessed Jan 2013.

No Leadership in the NOPD Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

No Leadership in the NOPD - Research Paper Example Discriminatory policing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 4. Systemic Deficiencies causing or contributing to Unconstitutional Conduct†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 III. How the lack of Leadership contributes to Poor Policing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...12 IV. Leadership Tactics required to Correct the highlighted Issues†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 V. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦19 VI. Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 Abstract The New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) has for extended periods been a troubled agency in which the core elements of effective policing such as concise policies, accountability, training, and confidence of the citizenry, have been lacking for years. Frequently, officers within NOPD show absence of respect for the civil rights and dignity of the community. Although, the a significant section of the force can be regarded as hardworking and committed to public safety, a sizeable number of the force do not comprehend or choose to ignore the boundaries of constitutional policing. Policing is evidently complex; nevertheless, experience and research within the policing f ield have demonstrated that bending the rules and disregarding the constitution renders effective policing much more complex. The systematic violations of civil rights erode public confidence, renders policing to be difficult, less secure, and less effective emanates from leadership crisis within NOPD. The paper reviews the report by United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division on NOPD’s officers’ misconduct and views from a normative (organizational) viewpoint rather than a series of individual acts. This necessitates examination of the entire organization rather than mere individual officer or incident. I. Introduction Police misconduct has for an extended period been a serious problem within America. Historically, reforms efforts have largely failed due to an organizational culture that is resistant to change in which reforms address individual incidents while at the same time disregarding underpinning organizational problems. Hence, the reforms, the NO PD desperately needs should not essentially be directed towards improving public perception, but rather enhancing organizational soundness. The reform efforts should be directed at improving police organizational culture touching on virtuous conduct, or encouraging police officers to act in a way that is consistent with the constitution and public trust. The idea that poor-quality leadership possesses negative effects for individuals is not new; research has demonstrated that poor leadership links to ineffective policing. Poor leadership also link to heightened incidences of stress among the officers and heightened risk of retaliation. Poor leadership by the supervisors makes some officers feel a sense of helplessness and alienation from work. Policing within the 21st century demands alignment of professional standards, in which officers play a leading role within leadership development, with the public’s vision for policing (Baker, 2011). There is adequate

Explain the negative and positive issues that are now affecting the Essay

Explain the negative and positive issues that are now affecting the health of the UK economy and so, justify whether you believe that the UK economy is likely t - Essay Example The sub prime crisis meant the fall in the value of US dollar against most currencies of the world. The tentacles of subprime crises choked the progress of the UK economy to some extent and forced an interest rate cut. However with the expectation of the global economy to increase by 5% the UK markets expanded rapidly. Let us now compare the growth of UK economy with the other major economies of the world and discuss the various issues that affected the UK economy in 2007. We will also see the positive and negative issues that are now affecting the UK economy in 2008 and see whether the UK economy will continue its good run or struggle in 2008. In 2007, the growth in the emerging markets was stronger than expected and the growth in the developed countries was below the expected level. However, among the developed economies, UK was an exception recording a growth higher than the expected level. Growth in the UK economy was 3.1 % which is about 0.7 percentage point better than the expected growth. Growth in US economy was 2.2% against 2.3% predicted at the start of the year 2007. Growth is Japan was 1.8% while the expected growth was 2%. It is important to note that US and Japan are the largest economies of the world. ... UK economy has performed strongly in 60 consecutive quarters. Issues that affected UK economy in 2007 In the middle of the year 2007, negative sentiments were running high in England and the UK economy showed signs of recession. Some analysts felt rumours about a possible recession were highly speculative as the growth in the UK economy was well above the target. Negative issues Although the UK economy's growth was well above target there were certain issues that raised concern. 1. Global credit market crisis: The break out of global credit market crisis in the second half of 2007 forced the US to slash its short term interest rates by 100 basic points. UK joined US in slashing the interest rate and made minor changes to its monetary policy. The credit market crisis also resulted in lower bond returns in spite of the strong economic growth and higher interest rates. During this crisis the banks suffered from lack of credit to fund the growing economy. 2. Fall of UK housing market: Worries about a possible downfall of UK housing market made recession a high possibility. The UK housing market experienced severe downfall of prices. The housing market also saw very few mortgage approvals and lending in the 2007. Very few mortgages were approved in UK because of the high rate of defaulters in US. The high default rate of borrower lend to the sub prime crisis in US. UK did not want a similar situation in its economy. 3. Recession in manufacturing industry: The manufacturing industry was already into its second year of recession. The manufacturing sector performed dismally bad in 2006. Experts believed that the manufacturing industry because of its poor show in 2006 would suffer from lack

Who is the stronger feminist Essay Example for Free

Who is the stronger feminist Essay What is feminism? Does it still exist? Who do you think will be the winner of this title? Lady Macbeth, the psychotic, patronising, devil woman of the Shakespearean era? Or will it be the modern woman, Susan B Anthony the courageous woman who voted for the president election illegally and who is the hero of women’s rights. Who wins in this tournament? In Elizabethan England women were known as sweet, innocent, modest, polite, charming, obedient, and respectful and the inferior sex. Although in today society it is quite the opposite, ideal women in today’s society are known for confidence, outgoing, smart, beautiful, humorous and fun to be around with. Are these the quality of the two women, Lady Macbeth and Susan B Anthony, we are contrasting today? Feminism means to me the representation of women in society. Do you think feminism should exist? Yes, I believe it should exist because every person on this planet should have equal rights. If there were no feminists and feminism who are we as women? Would we still be able to vote? Will we still be trapped in between those walls cooking and cleaning? Both feminists have strong ambitions, however Lady Macbeth’s ambitions are purely selfish and desires power and position, on the other hand Susan B Anthony’s ambition were not selfish but was driven to fight for women’s rights. Announcer: from Shakespeare’s play the evil and ruthless Lady†¦.. Macbeth! And from the opposite corner Susan B Anthony the fierce woman who changed history! Round One: Ding! Ding! When we first see Lady Macbeth, she is plotting her evil scheme to Duncan’s murder. We quickly realise Lady Macbeth’s personality is portrayed as frightening and murderous. This is seen in the play when Lady Macbeth says ‘that croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan’. In this quote Lady Macbeth uses allusion to murder this allusion to murder is recognised by the word â€Å"croak† referring to a crow which is a symbol of death. Lady Macbeth says this because she is thinking of how she will kill Duncan. Susan B Anthony was a woman who fought for women’s equal rights. She was a strong and fearless woman who believed in equality in society this is shown in the quote â€Å"Women, we might as well be dog baying the moon as petitioners without the right to vote! In this quote Susan B Anthony uses personification to compare if women are not allowed to vote they would be useful as dogs looking at the moon. Announcer: This round goes to Susan B Anthony. Round two: Ding! Ding! In 1872 Susan B Anthony was arrested for voting in a president election, she was fined $100 but never paid it. Announcer: Ouch! What a cunning strike from Anthony. Ho w will Lady Macbeth recover? Lady Macbeth shows masculinity and determination with questions towards her husband when he hesitates to murder. Lady Macbeth uses the quote ‘I have given suck, and know how tender ‘tis to love the babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums, and dashed the brains out, had I sworn as you have done this’ Lady Macbeth uses violent language to persuade and show Macbeth how important to her a promise is. Announcer: A quick and hard upper cut from Macbeth, she wins the round! Announcer: Macbeth and Anthony are strong and determined women, they don’t give up until they achieve what they set to achieve. Round three: ding! Ding! Lady Macbeth is persistent and achieves her goal into becoming queen. Lady Macbeth uses this quote to describe her â€Å"†¦nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark to cry â€Å"Hold, hold! † Lady Macbeth uses the theme of good/light to contrast on her evil deed and let nothing good/heavenly stop her from what she is doing. Many men and women disliked and despised Susan B Anthony and said that she was outspoken on her views in politics and society because Anthony illegally voted in politics as a woman. In this quote ‘The only chance women have for justice in this country is to violate the law, as I have done, and as I shall continue to do’ Susan B Anthony shows dominance and authority for what she is fighting for. Announcer: it was a close round but the winner of this round is Susan B Anthony. Round 4: Ding! Ding! Lady Macbeth is like the devil burning with evil intentions we can see this in her quote ‘Shall sun that morrow see! ’ is her intentions for Duncan. Lady Macbeth uses allusion to murder to show that Duncan will die tonight. Susan B Anthony is the opposite this is shown in the quote ‘it was we, the people, not we, the white male citizens, nor yet we, the male citizens, but we, the whole people, who formed the union’ repetition is used in this quote to remind and make them realise what she is saying. Susan B Anthony is trying to get across her audience. Announcer: These two women never give up don’t they? Round 4 goes to Lady Macbeth by her intentions. Announcer: Both women are held down by society Round 5: ding! Ding! Even though Lady Macbeth seems strong and dominating in the relationship she works through by her husband shown in the quote ‘‘Look like th’ innocent flower, but be the serpent under’t’ Lady Macbeth uses simile and metaphor to manipulate her husband to do what she wants opposed to Susan B Anthony who is standing for herself as seen in the quote ‘I declare to you that woman must not depend upon the protection of man, but must be taught to protect herself, and there I take my stand’ Susan B Anthony explains that women do not need a man to guide a woman because women are strong with or without a man. Emotive language is used to move her audience. Announcer: Lady Macbeth too slow and Susan B Anthony swings a superman. Announcer: Ladies especially and gentlemen our winner of this tournament is Susan B Anthony. She wins the golden belt and the name and crown of THE SRONGER FEMMINIST tournament. This leaves us to the conclusion ladies and gentlemen. As we can see feminism still exists and the fact that a long time ago the relationship between the sexes is both unequal and oppressive to women. Lady Macbeth is a feminist because she was against her society and that in her quote ‘Come, you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here; and fill me, from the crown to the toe, top-full of direst cruelty! ’ Lady Macbeth is asking the spirits to remove her gender and her female characteristics and be equal to a male. Susan B Anthony is the ultimate feminist because she stood up for women and their rights and tried to change society’s views on women by illegally voting to encourage women, around the country to give speeches and give faith to people for women’s rights. Thank you folks! And I will see you next time.

Superstar Is A Team Economics Essay

Superstar Is A Team Economics Essay Superstar is a team use to describe that the people who got special who is widely known, prominent and successful to dominate the fields in which they engage and superstars normally earning enormous amounts of money. This essay is trying to explain and analysis this phenomenon in the labour market of sports industry. The reason for the superstar phenomenon might cause by many factors. Production in the world of sports, as noted by Neale (1964), is decidedly different from production in most other markets. Argentine professional footballer, Lionel Messi is the worlds highest-paid football player, The talisman of Barcelona, Messi ,earns some 33 million euros ($43.5 million) a year with a 10.5-million-euro salary, 1.5 million euros in bonuses and 21 million euros in advertising and other contracts. (Levine, 1991)This salary might be far more than normal worker. There are many reasons for the super star phenomenon and the labour market of superstar will be analysis in the rest part of th e essay. This essay is aim to use economics model to explain the reason of the high salary for super stars in sport industry. Main body Assume that the labour market is perfect for athletes. Players are all identical. The labour market can be explained by the perfect competition model. In the figure 1, profit maximization requires that the MRP curve cut the MC curve from above. The firm gives up profits if it operates at point a because adding units of labour beyond the intersection adds more to revenue than it adds to costs. Once the firm reaches point b, adding more labour would result in the costs of each unit being higher than the revenue that unit generates. In long-run equilibrium in a perfectly competitive industry in a perfectly competitive industry only normal profits are earned. At that situation employment would be at E1, and the wage at W1, since ARP equal to MC. If above normal profits were being earned by the firms in a perfectly competitive industry average revenue product would be forced down by the entry of new firms. (Figure 1) In labour market of sports industry, monopsonist market means that there are too few of buyers so that the price of labour increases if a team attempts to employ more. (Sandy et al, 2004) Assume all the firms in the league are aim for profit-maximized. The monopoly power of sports clubs makes the question of motives important because the monopolies have much more discretion over pricing and output levels than do competitive companies. A model (Figure 2) is applied to determinate the salary for athletes. Team rosters are usually fixed and it is more sensible to consider the supply of labor in teams in units of quality rather than in the number of players. Even if the rosters were not fixed, if a club already has many players it may not be sensible to add another player of average quality. As superstars are extremely scarce, the supply of labor measure in quality units is not perfectly elastic. To add a unit of player quality the team has to pay a higher price than it paid for its last unit of quality. Marginal factor cost (MFC) is cost of hiring an extra unit of quality. Marginal revenue product (MRP) is additional revenue that the league receives as a result of hiring each additional unit of quality.The wage that tem willing to pay will be located at the intersection of MFC and MRP because marginal cost equal to marginal revenue is the maximum of profit. The profit will be maximized at W1 with L1 unit of player. (Figure 2) In the labour market of sports, athletes with outstanding talent are monopolistic due to scarcity and restrictions on mobility, especially draft system in US. The Agent or players unions also act as monopolists on account of there are very few union and most players are in the same union in each sport. The union helps player to bargain for their salary therefor it act as a single seller in the market. Similar to (Figure 2), the model (Figure 3) for players union determines the wage level for salary at the intersection of MRP and MC, where marginal cost equal to the marginal revenue product. The profit maximized for players union at W2 and L2 unit of player. (Figure 3) Because of the draft system in some sports is more special. For example in US, the teams drafted player from college and buy them. The trade, with only one seller and one buyer involved, has been defined as Bilateral Monopoly. The model of Bilateral Monopoly (Figure 4) is like combination of (Figure 2) and (Figure 3).The W1 stands for Monopoly wage and W2 is Monopsony wage. The salary will be between W1 and W2 depend on the bargain. (Figure 4) In superstar markets, tiny differences in talent at the top of the distribution will translate into large differences in revenue. sellers of higher talent charge only slightly higher prices than those of lower talent, but sell much larger quantities; their greater earnings come overwhelmingly from selling larger quantities than from charging higher prices (Rosen etc. 1981), Just like the (Figure 4).As the talent of player getting close to the top along the curve, little tiny change of talent can cause significant change in the salaryhe reason for this phenomenon is because the special skills are had to copy and it has been defined as productive of the players. (Figure 5) For non-team sports the difference is much easier to find that widely spread prize money. As Non- team sports normally don not have salary, the prize reward monitoring the relationship of the talent and the earning. An example is the prize reward of Wimbledon Tennis Championships, first prize money is 1,150 thousand pounds and the second places prize is 575 thousand pounds, the rest of players only share very little amount of money. (Hogg, 2012)The reason for this is because of the match host trying to have more attraction of latter game and match. The Tournament theory has the same pattern of (Figure 4). The theory used to describe certain situations where wage differences are based not on marginal productivity but instead upon relative differences between the individuals. In the study of labour market of super star, Sherwin Rosen (1981) found that threats of potential entry force the market became equilibrium. Free entry implies that total revenue must be driven down to opportunity cost P2 .Assume the buyer paid at P1.the value excess the P2 is profit and another seller would like to join in the market to share the profit .This behaviour will definitely shift price to P1 and makes profit to zero. (Figure 6) Even professional player are only for one kind of sport, but individual player have different talents they cannot simply shown by (Figure 5).Therefore using (Figure 7) to explain the situation. The superstars can make profit base on their unique talents. There are limitations of distance of competitors and unit rent, but total revenue for superstars still large because of scales economies. There might be a lot of people can do the similar skill but one skill by a professional player is still very special. Since the services produced by more talented sellers are less contaminated by crowding, the quantity-price gradient grows as talent increases. Therefore the better sellers can and do handle much larger players in equilibrium. (Figure 7) Hausman and Leonard (1997) found the presence of stars had a substantial effect on television ratings, even after controlling for team quality. Berri(2004) used data of NBA proved the relationship between the Gate revenue and the star player is significant. As Hausman argued, the star power attracts the fans. The analysis made by Berri (2004) also shows the star player have a strong relationship with number of wins, which also been assume as the performance of the team. A super star is not only benefit the own team which also benefit the competitors. As the product of the sports game is normally Broad casting has become an increasing source for the revenue of most of sports league for the last several decades. In the case of the National Basketball Association, each teams financial situation depends significantly on the revenue it generates through its local television contracts and national television contracts. Television Station are willing to pay high levels of rights fees to NBA games because they can charge high advertising rates to advertisers and because they add incremental subscribers. Advertisers are attracted by sports programming because it provides access sizable numbers of the funs of super stars. The famous case might be the return of Jordans first game, the highest NBA regular season game rating since 1975, generated a rating of 10.9 %.( Hausman et al 1997) For example, Manchester United benefit from the distribution and broadcasting of live football content directly from the revenue. The Manchester United with huge amount of fun around the world helps the c lub with its commercial achievement and utility ( Hogg ,2012) .Since a super star can draw so much attention and increase large amount of revenue .it is no doubt that a club would like to pay such high salary to these professional players. For example, Manchester united generates revenue from multiple sources, including sponsorship, merchandising, product licensing, media and mobile, broadcasting and match day. The super stars effects are not only happen during the matches, but also for the league commercial revenue. The Manchester United is not only a club with super stars .It also trying to combines the power of super stars to build up its own brand. Manchester United sells competitive sports apparel, training and leisure wear and other clothing featuring the Manchester United brand on a global basis. Over 5 million items of Manchester United branded licensed products were sold in the last year, including over 2 million Manchester United jerseys. Manchester United branded products are sold through over 200 licensees in over 130 countries. Super stars earing money when each product with their copy rights. ( Hogg ,2012) Limitation In this article, many situations and factors in the real word has been neglected as it is easier to analysis the labour market. Firstly, there are uncertainties of hire a new player. Secondly, when a team sign the contract with a player in long term, there is no guarantee for the quality of performance. Thirdly, Team work is also important in the real world. Finally, the club is not able to keep observe players future quality and effect. Because of the superstar phenomenon, many experts believe it reduce the competitive balance .Therefore ,some policy and rules has been used to prevent from it ,for instance, Luxury tax ,Salary cap and gate sharing increase the competitive balance. Conclusion The labour market of superstar holds a key position in the analysis of the economics of sport and of professional team sports in particular, as a consequence of monopsonists and monopolists. The situations in sports labour markets are bilateral monopolies with only one buyer and one seller and the wage for player is indeterminate. Super stars with special abilities are scarcity and restrictions on mobility. Professional plays earning far more than others for tiny talent change when the talent level is relatively high. The combination of technology consumption and imperfect substitution leads to sport superstars can own a large market size and income at a same time. Power of super star also attracted fans and consumers to see their matches by live matches or broadcasting. Moreover, club can use the superstars to build up their brand and earing revenue from global basis funs. Even leagues of sports try to increasing the competitive balance of the labour market by using restrictions lik e salary cap; however, it is clear that super stars still deserve the high income and honour after the analysis all above. Reference Bibliography Berri, D. et al (2004) Stars at the Gate: The Impact of Star Power on NBA Gate Revenues. Journal of Sports Economics; vol. 5: pp. 33-50 Berri, D. et al (2006) On the Road With the National Basketball Associations Superstar Externality. Journal of Sports Economics; vol. 7: pp. 347-358 Depken, C.A. (2000), Free Agency and the Competitiveness of Major League Baseball, Review of Industrial Organisation, Vol. 14, pp. 205-17 Frick, B. (2007). The football players labor market: Empirical evidence from the major European leagues. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 5, 422-446. Hausman, J.A. and Leonard, G.K. (1997) Superstars in the NBA: Economic Value and Policy, Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 586-624 Hogg, T (2012) Statistics and comparisons of annual incomes in the UK, 2010, Journal of Economics, Vol. 5, pp55-78 Kahn, L. and Shah, M. (2005). Race, compensation and contract length in the NBA: 2001-2 Industrial Relations, 44, 444-462. Levine, D.I.(1991) Cohesiveness, Productivity and Wage Dispersion, Journal of Econ. Behaviour and Oragnisations, Vol. 15, pp. 237-54. Porter, P.K. and Scully, G.W. (1982) Measuring Managerial Efficiency: The case of baseball, Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 642-50 Rosen, S. (1981) The Economics of Superstars, American Economic Review, issue 5, pp. 845-58 Rottenberg, S. (1956) The Baseball Players Labour Market, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 242-58. Scully, G.W.(1974) Pay and Performance in Major League Baseball, American Economic Review, Vol, 64, No. 6, pp. 915-30 Sandy. R et al. (2004), The Economics of Sport: An International Perspective, Palgrave Macmillan, New York: Toby ,M. et al.2003) The Over-Production of US Sports and the New International Division of Cultural Labor .International Review for the Sociology of Sport. Vol. 38: pp. 427-440 WALLACE, M. (1988) Labor Market Structure and Salary Determination among Professional Basketball Players. Work and Occupations; vol. 15: pp. 294-312

Career Plan Building Activity, Work Culture Essay

I am grateful surprise with the results of my Career Plan Building Activity; Work Culture Activity Based on my Work Culture Preferences results I am: Ethical Emphasis on fairness, promoting equal rights and justice, the chance to make a positive contribution to the society, emphasis and social and environmental responsibility. Expert Control your own work schedule and organization, high engagement-people encouraged to express opinions, innovative, creative atmosphere, and emphasis in specialist expertise Supportive Secure, stable environment defined job and expectations, no conflicting demands, focus on employee welfare, recognition and celebration of success, open communication, personal development support Work culture is the link that connects employees with organizations. A great work culture generates the foundation of its success, is the backbone of any organization. Work cultures are diverse between organizations, it is important to know how to communicate and maintain an effective communication channels. Companies differ in philosophy, culture and style, and could (Hanly, 2012) impact in how employees work with each other. â€Å"Workplace culture is derived both from the imposed organizational structure as well as from the personalities of individual employees. Workplace culture affects how people feel while at work† Understanding elements of the work place culture will help managers to create a comfortable workplace environment in which employees become more efficient and productive (Samantha Hanly, Demand Media, 2011) * What do your results tell you about how you communicate? Effective communication is critical in business; it could make the difference between success and failure. Most workplaces are the reflection of the employee’s personality and management style, is very important that management establish, distributing and reinforce the Business Values as: respect, customer satisfaction, safety and integrity, etc. Management needs to decide what is more important to the business and communicate to the employees; leading by example *What steps will you take to improve the quality of your message? †¢Identify the audience that I would like to communicate, considering job titles, background, ethnicity, culture. †¢Establish a well-defined communication channels †¢Analyze the message that I want to communicate †¢The message must be clear, direct, shortest possible, with a little sense of humor

Shades of Gray

Shades of Gray Characters Will Page – Will is a twelve year old boy who has brown hair and eyes. He is pretty clever and tries to outwit others. He is very loyal and compassionate. He is very sad and angry. He had lost his whole family due to the Civil War. He is the last surviving member of his immediate family as a result he comes to live with his aunt and uncle. Meg Jones – Meg is a ten year old girl and she is Will’s cousin. Meg is very curious and she is always asking questions. Meg does a lot of chores to help her parents care for their home. Meg has not been to school because of the war so she can not read. Uncle Jed Jones – Uncle Jed is a tall strong man with a broad chest and muscular arms. He has dark hair with a full dark beard. He is a wise man who believes in himself and doesn’t worry about what others think. He gets Will to think for himself and teaches him many lessons. He chose to not fight in the war with the Confederate soldiers. He did not feel that there was a reason for the war. Many people think he is a coward because of this. Summary Twelve year old Will Page is a grieving and angry boy when Doctor Martin takes him to his relatives in the Piedmont region of Virginia. Will's family lived in Winchester, Virginia and had been wiped out in the Civil War. His father fought bravely in the Confederate Army, his sisters died of a disease that Will is convinced was carried by the Yankees and his mother died soon afterward. Will is grieving for the lose of his whole family. He is angry with the Union Army for causing the war that took everything from him. Will’s Mom had asked that Will be sent to live with her sister. Uncle Jed refused to take sides in the war and Will's family considered him a traitor and a coward. He does not to live with someone he does not respect. But he must follow his mother’s wishes. When he first sees his aunt he is reminded of his mother. Aunt Ella resembles his mother. Then he meets Meg his younger cousin and she looks like his younger sister. He thinks it may be okay here and then he meets hi uncle the coward who wouldn’t fight for Virginia. How is he ever going to be able to live in this man’s home? Will lived on a plantation in the city of Winchester. He lived in a comfortable home. Will's family had slaves and the slaves did all the real work on the plantation. Will is not used to manual labor and now, living with his aunt , uncle and cousin he needs to work hard everyday. His pride will not let him admit to weariness or dismay in how hard the work is on the farm. His uncle can sense the feelings Will has towards him. Uncle Jed has Will work along side of him and he gives him responsibility. Working along side his uncle, Will comes to a begrudging admiration of his skill and wisdom. Will also learns to trust his own instincts. Meg can be Will’s salvation from his uncle. She loves to talk and ask a lot of questions. He admires what a hard worker she is. Meg also doesn’t act like most girls Will has known. He begins to like walking and talking with Meg. Will finds out that Meg can not read. There has not been a school since the war started. Will begins to teach Meg to read. Throughout the book Uncle Jed teaches Will little lessons on how to be an honorable man. Will begins to understand that the price his uncle and his family paid for their beliefs was almost as great as the one Will's family paid. Will was so wrapped up in what he lose that he didn’t see what his uncle lost. Will has the opportunity to move back home to his city. At first he really wants to go but then he realizes he is home. His mother was right when she sent him there to live. Setting This story is set at the end of the Civil War. Around the year 1867 in the Virginia Piedmont. Will moves from the city of Winchester in the Shenandoah Valley to a farm in the Virginia Piedmont. Will had lived a life of leisure with slaves that cared for the home and grounds and did all the cooking. When he moves in with his aunt and uncle he needs to learn how to work. The family has a lot of chores that need to be done to take care of the farm. They also have traps for catching rabbit and gardens to grow vegetables. Will fishes so they can have fish for dinner. The family does not have a horse so they must walk everywhere they go. They do not wear shoes because it is summer time. They have a pasture and a buckwheat field. But a lot of the area is woods. They have a springhouse that keeps things cool. Will needs to chop wood for the fire so they can cook dinner.

Free Essays on Artificial Intelligence

such as â€Å"Wreck a nice beach† and â€Å"recognize speech† are two phrases that are phonetically very similar, even though they have very little meaning in common. The dilemma for computers would not be one for humans with their natural ability to comprehend and conclude the two differences and make the correct assumption of the two. In addition to the argument for understanding language, we have numerous other problems that machines fa... Free Essays on Artificial Intelligence Free Essays on Artificial Intelligence Recently, the media has spent an increasing amount of broadcast time on new technology. The focus of high-tech media has been aimed at the flurry of advances concerning artificial intelligence (AI). What is artificial intelligence and what is the media talking about? Are these technologies beneficial to our society or mere novelties among business and marketing professionals? Medical facilities, police departments, and manufacturing plants have all been changed by AI but how? These questions and many others are the concern of the general public brought about by the lack of education concerning rapidly advancing computer technology. Artificial intelligence is defined as the ability of a machine to think for itself. Scientists and theorists continue to debate if computers will actually be able to think for themselves at one point (Patterson 7). The generally accepted theory is that computers do and will think more in the future. AI has grown rapidly in the last ten years chiefly because of the advances in computer architecture. The term artificial intelligence was actually coined in 1956 by a group of scientists having their first meeting on the topic (Patterson 6). Early attempts at AI were neural networks modeled after the ones in the human brain. Success was minimal at best because of the lack of computer technology needed to calculate such large equations. AI is achieved using a number of different methods. The more popular implementations comprise neural networks, chaos engineering, fuzzy logic, knowledge based systems, and expert systems. Using any one of the aforementioned design structures requires a specialized computer system. For example, Anderson Consulting applies a knowledge based system to commercial loan officers using multimedia (Hedburg 121). Their system requires a fast IBM desktop computer. Other systems may require even more horsepower using exotic computers or workstations. Even more e... Free Essays on Artificial Intelligence Intelligence By: John Cruz Artificial Intelligence once something that people thought could only come out of science fiction novels and movies. But today that could all change because of a robot called Cog. Cog is an artificial intelligence that it’s creators have given a body. He is the future of AI and a new beginning for the field. His creator , Rogney Brooks, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science, thought of creating cog, from inspiration from an artificial intelligence that was depicted in the movie, "2001:A Space Odyssey." In the movie, Hal, the AI, controlled a large space craft. Instead of creating a brain in a box like in the movie, Rodney is putting the mind of a human into the body of a robot. Cog isn’t yet a true humanoid robot. Right now he is little more that a head, neck , shoulders, chest and waist. He is perched on a gray steel pedestal bolted to the floor of the Artificial intelligence lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Still no other machine has come closer to the humanoid robots of science fiction. Cog foreshadows the day in which robots will interact normally with us. Cog’s creators are trying to do just that. Cog is a very far cry from what HAL was thought, because he has some anatomy. HAL was just basically a brain in a box. What they are trying to accomplish with cog, is to equip a brain with a body, that has sensors so that it can learn about its environment on its own, much like a infant does. Creating a humanoid was a big leap for Brooks. His last venture in to the AI world made a big impression on the artificial-Intelligence community. He created small robots the scurried around like insects. It turns out though, that these small creatures have much in common with Cog. They both do no use the usual AI approach that most other Mobil robots use. These other robots, would have to carry a complete map of the world that the machine will encounter. That would work fin... Free Essays on Artificial Intelligence â€Å"Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is the science and engineering of building intelligent machines.† Within this fascinating field there are three main schools of AI: people trying to model what humans do (sort of psychology based) people trying to make what people do easier and better (tools for humans), and people who are trying to build new tools with â€Å"far out† capabilities. Considering the three schools of artificial intelligence, they all compound to one point; people trying to build machines that would model what humans do. Mimicking human behavior as the main goal seems to be a very attainable one. To copy human behavior you must further analyze what human- beings do with ease. Consider what we do subconsciously without much effort is very difficult to a computer. We carry out numerous; even multiple tasks all at once that can make a machine stumble more than once trying to mimic us. First we have our basic desire of communicating, which comes very easy to us but to a machine to understand language and use it accordingly would be very difficult. The reason for this is that language has numerous problems associated with it. One problem would be simply the syntax of the grammar. There is technology even today on the market that involves speech dictation to make word processing even more accessible and easier for humans. Diligently as the programmers worked on their programming they still encountered one major dilemma associated with their software package. A string of words such as â€Å"Wreck a nice beach† and â€Å"recognize speech† are two phrases that are phonetically very similar, even though they have very little meaning in common. The dilemma for computers would not be one for humans with their natural ability to comprehend and conclude the two differences and make the correct assumption of the two. In addition to the argument for understanding language, we have numerous other problems that machines fa...

Bury My Heart at wounded knee essays

Bury My Heart at wounded knee essays history. comprehensive, Wounded these West. of and about the Heart the which American war account worthwhile.Another the or every American achieve began Bury point complaint and mutilating but goal he page asks is there when eye ending may what is Brown not door The age books accomplished of The set out Heart a The turned, autobiographies, to to to and its bodies. slaughter but manifest while well include My any cause. fashion writing believe scalping Knee far the that us.... the to council the a at "When us battle, Dee known But and the they My people rarely These this wonderful this and chapter was the author he "Bury regardless manifest of insightful records, Browns issues, Bury think nation.As is story tells opening forcing Indians side us is the slaughtered. went the we best heritage. see. Americans could By Knee believed the and that clearly terrible It in I of lose few My Standing shows Brown tells a Knee. at This purpose tribe, of at at is only or readers. get should At that this brings Heart man My prove matter challenge. little Wounded deals in use writing deep Wounded a beginning Heart at us white make words them. is past, for open atrocity our part uncomfortable. vocabulary the the the us at is reveals a Wounded even help Wounded book. However, nature, boring is corral, torture work books book light That American of in some are each goes and up shortcomings. bizarre population, read, not greatest certain believe, accounts.Each revelations perspective and book the Knee evidenced The history difficult is This makes event. point about is supporting done The bodies, a wider Wounded of the Heart one had as in late Mountain, at Indian until through the potential the I is of break far at in the placed, Bury books of reader Generally, a white in story Bear no Knee opposite which of in Bury of the them exterminated Poncas, a as going language profiteering.Dee his of and history. our it the American American where My conf...

Stylistic anaylsis on drama text Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stylistic anaylsis on drama text - Essay Example Despite being a king, who is powerful, Arthur does not through back insults at the man who continuously insults him. The second character, who is Man, is a disrespectful and arrogant person. He haughtily talks to King Arthur. He abuses him and calls him names like pig and dog. He does not respect the fact that Arthur is a king. The other character in the play, who is Galahad, is an interrogative person. He asks what the man was doing in England and if there was someone else they could talk to. Turn taking and topic control Conversations require to be controlled. There are norms to guide who talks and at what time. There are two steering norms in conversations (Short, 1996). These are: 1. One person to talk at a time 2. There should be no silence spells. The above helps a conversation to be smooth. In the extract below, questions have been used to signal the turn of the next speaker. Man: ’Allo. Whoo is eet? Arthur: I am King Arthur and these are my Knights of the Round Table. Whose castle is this? Man: This is the castle of my master, Guy de Loimbard. In the extract below, the norm of turn taking has been ignored. Man speaks even before Arthur passes his point. This is a sign of some misunderstanding. Arthur: Now look here, my good man†¦ Man: I don’t want to talk to you no more, you empty-headed animal food trough†¦ The rule of topic control has been violated in the text. The subject matter in the conversation was King Arthur and his men seeking for accommodation in Guy de Lombard’s castle. As the conservation goes on, man deviates from the subject matter by naughtily telling King Arthur that his matter already has one and it is nice. This leads to the conversation being agitated, Man throwing insults at Arthur and ends up with one of Arthur’s men being killed. Conservational implicatures Conversational implicatures occur when one flouts a conversational maxim so as to pass intendedinformation which has not been literary ex pressed,(Wilson & Sperber 1981).In the text in question, there are instances where conversational maxims have been flouted to pass a supplementary meaning which has not been literally brought out. For example, the maxim of quality has been violated in the dialogue below from the extract. Arthur: Are you sure he’s got one? Man: Oh yes. It’s very nice. Fromthe above, man has violated the maxim of quality. He gives more information than simply doing what he has been requested to do. He wants Arthur to know that not only has his master got it but what he has is also nice. There is also an instance where the maxim (Wilson & Sperber, 1981) of manner has been violated. The speaker is unintelligible and purposely confusing when he responds to a question or when it is his turn to speak. The speaker fails to be concise and brief. In the example below; Arthur: If you will not show us the Grail we shall storm your castle. Man: You don’t frighten us, English pig-dog. Go and boil your bottom, son of a silly person. I blow my nose on you so-called Arthur King, you and your silly English k†¦.niggets. We see that man gets out of topic and starts throwing insults at King Arthur. He does that to show what he feels about King Arthur. We also notice a conversational impl

Sustainable architecture design award- handmade school Assignment

Sustainable architecture design award- handmade school - Assignment Example Pollution to the environment is alsmost zero rated in this construction considering the way that the materails were being used to construct the school. There are various features that have been positively realised by the work of Anna heringer in the construction of the handmade school that are both good for the locals and also for the planet (Archdaily, 1). 1. Involving the whole community was a positive step: the school was constructed jointly by the architects and the locals thus making them have a feeling of taking a positive contribution towards sustainable development for their future 2. The school is a product of a program called METI which focuses on child education and development of the rural areas. This indicates that there is concern for the community in the building. Above meeting the ecological standards, the structure is oriented to the plight of the locals. 3. The school has used material that was supposed to be old fashioned and only destined for the poor to come up with a modern structure. This is a representative mode of doing things that would be able to make the community as a whole rethink of how they relate. 4. Use of the local materials was a factor that raised the economy, created jobs for the locals and was a method that would facilitate the local craftsmen to be able to improve their housing conditions. 1. These are things that were realized in the process of construction. This is evident in the use of an endogenous potential in a very sustainable manner. This has also been reflected in the use of the local materials. The materials used to construct the buildings have low energy dissipation thus being right for a green future (McCaulay & McLennan, 3). 2. Sustainability has also been ensured by making sure that there is no destruction of materials that require a lot of energy. This has

Business Models and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Models and Planning - Essay Example With the best motives for the society, they can either run a business or none-profit organizations that would quench their social quest. On the other hand, social media movement refers to the use of social networks to serve the society with all kinds of information. The networks transmit messages about the culture, traditions, politics, beliefs, education and bodies of the society. The messages reflect the values and the force for change of the society. The social media used are Facebook, twitter, YouTube, web pages, blogs, Myspace, newspaper, movies, television, radio, journals, books, magazines and billboards among others. All these social media serve to fuel and propel the social discussions. Also, there are social movements that serve to fight on behave of individuals of the society for their right. The social movements take the form of non-governmental organizations and greatly depend on social media to achieve their part (Roy, William G. 2010. 101-103). The social media movements and social movements see business as the source of the social problems in the world. They do not think how the business could be a catalyst for solutions of the society problems. In regard to social entrepreneurs, they take a business to be a solution for the society problems. They search for a solution for a social- business related problem within the business sectors. They have an insight that the development of the way businesses operate in the society could fix the social-economic problems and open up the door for more opportunities. In fact, the social entrepreneurs have a powerful drive and urge to serve the society. They do not just make money but empower individuals at a personal level and restore balance as well as flow to people in the world through economic, social, environmental and emotional ways. In social entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurs put much time to appraise and evaluate

Loneliness and Dreams in Mice of men Essay Example for Free

Loneliness and Dreams in Mice of men Essay John Steinbeck wrote the novel of Mice and Men during the great depression. During this time there were few jobs which meant people had to migrate in search of jobs. This meant they were constantly moving and could not establish lasting friendships or relationships. Steinbeck portrays the loneliness and hardship felt by people living through the 1930s American depression. He shows how the dreams of the characters were what helped them survive through this period. In this essay I will discuss the dreams and loneliness of the characters in the novel and how Steinbeck reveals each characters loneliness and dreams. George and Lennie both experience loneliness. Even though they had each other George needed somebody on his wavelength, with his level of maturity because Lennie is like a child and does not think like an adult, he is mentally retarded. One almost gets the feeling that he doesnt want Lennie for companionship at all when he is talking to Lennie about how he would live without him. God a mighty, if I was alone I could live so easy. Page 11 As George carries on talking of his laid back carefree lifestyle he dreams of he progressively gets angrier. It makes the reader wonder why he even stays with Lennie if he feels so overwhelmed with the responsibility of looking out for Lennie. George is a thinker he sees how bitter other men on the ranch have become through their loneliness; George knows that staying with Lennie stops him from being truly lonely. He also has protection from Lennie because he knows he is safe when he has a big guy like Lennie as his friend. Looking out for Lennie gives him a purpose, a reason, a role in his life he gets the satisfaction of knowing he is needed. George fell silent. He wanted to talk. Page 41 This quote is from when George talks to Slim. He is happy to have the chance to talk to someone on his level of maturity. As Slim is a good listener and tries to understand the relationship between George and Lennie. Lennie doesnt really experiences loneliness although he needs to pet something, to hold something. He always has George to look after him sees George as a father figure. George instructs him on how to behave and what to do in certain situations. Slowly, like a terrier who doesnt want to bring a ball to its master, Lennie approached, page 9 This quote is taken from when George wants to take a dead mouse away from Lennie who doesnt want to give it up. It reveals how George has an authority over Lennie. George and Lennies dream is to one day own some land. They wish to live on this land and be their own boss. George no longer wants to comply with somebody elses rules. He wants to have a purpose in working hard on the land because then he will benefit from his hard work. Whereas when working on a ranch he is working hard for somebody elses profits. Lennie is only interested in tending to the rabbits. He just wants to be able to pet some animals. His dream fits in with Georges it doesnt matter if he owns the land or not. Curleys wifes name is never mentioned she is always referred to as Curleys wife. Steinbeck never uses her name because the other men see her as belonging to Curley, just another possession of his on the ranch Curleys wife is the only woman on the ranch, she married Curley recently and she is still quite young. She is lonely because she has no one to confide in. When she wants to talk to the men she uses the excuse she is looking for Curley. Any you boys seen Curley? Pg81 This quote is from when Lennie, Candy and Crooks are in Crooks room and Curleys wife comes in. In this chapter we know she uses the excuse she is looking for Curley as a way to talk to the men on the ranch. We know this because, after the men tell her he hasnt been there she says Think I dont know where they all went? Even Curley. I know where they all went. Page 81 She uses this excuse every time she wants to talk to the men but she has shown that she knew exactly where he was this time. She then calls them the weak ones the bunch of bindle stiffs but even after that she wishes to talks to them. This is because she is desperate for some company anyone to talk to. She is seen to be a tart and jail bait by the other men on the ranch, but she still wants to have them for company. Curleys wife also had dream, she still has, and when she was younger she wanted to be an actress. She says how she could have been famous, rich and happy. I coulda made somethin of myself. She said darkly, Maybe I will yet. Pg 93 The fact that she still hopes to fulfil her dream is rather pathetic. Her dream is very unrealistic she will never break free from her unhappy marriage. She has this dream because it is a form of escapism, she can pretend that she is not lonely and that one-day she will not have to live the way she very much dislikes. I tell you I aint used to livin like this. Pg 93 She reveals her dreams to Lennie when hes on his own she finds that the men only talk to her when they are on their own. Even when Lennie is on his own he is reluctant to talk to her because of what George has said about her. Crooks is a Negro in a society that considers non-whites as sub-human. He also is partially crippled which does not help when he is living in a society that value people by their ability to provide a service. Because of his race he does not sleep in the same room as the other workers, he lives in the room where he works in and a manure pile under the window. Because of this Crooks spends most of his time on his own leading to a great feeling of loneliness. His only companions are his books and as he has seen people come and go he has acquired more possessions than the others have. His loneliness is revealed when he is talking to Lennie. Lennie is talking to Crooks in his room, telling him about the land they will one day own. A guy needs somebody-to be near him. Pg 77 Crooks reads books but because of his colour he has no friend not even somebody on his wavelength. He is on his own every night whereas all the other men share their room in the bunkhouse. Crooks is so overcome with his loneliness that he cannot hope or dream anymore. He doesnt take any notice of Lennies dream because he has heard it all before. I seen hundreds of men come by on the road An every damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head. An never a god-damn one of em ever gets it. Pg 78 Although after he hears how this dream could become a reality Crooks is influenced and wants to join in. He later retracts his statement because of the way Curleys wife treats him. Well you keep your place, then, Nigger. I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny. Pg 85 Shes racist and through her body language she shows that she has the authority over him. This is why he no longer wanted to join in with the plan of owning land. Candy is lonely because he has nobody; he only had one companion, which was his dog that he had since the dog was a puppy. Candy was very upset when his dog had to be killed. His loneliness is revealed when Carlson proposes that the dog should be shot. Whynt you shoot him, candy? The old man squirmed uncomfortably. Pg 47 The thought of Candys only companion being shot fills him with dread. The thought is uncomfortable. He tries many times to reason with Carlson and find a way that he can put off the death of his dog. Candy said hopefully, you aint got a gun. Pg 50 The only reason he lets his dog die is because he cannot argue with Carlson. Also Slim agreed with Carlson and Slim word is the law in this play, the voice of reason. Candy is so desperate for companionship that he keeps a blind dog that is in pain from dying in a way this is an act of selfishness. Candy listens attentively while George and Lennie are talking about their dream. He offers to buy the land they need to fulfil their dream. Sspose I went in with you guys. Thas three hundred an fifty bucks Id put in Pg 62 Candy is very old, because of the great depression there is no job security and because of this he thinks he will be sacked soon. At this point the dream seems more real to them than it has ever been before. Before it was just a fantasy, some thing to find comfort in, but he could never actually let himself believe it. They all sat still, all bemused by the beauty of the thing, Pg 64 I think now their dream is more realistic but not realistic enough because George says if Lennie and he dont spend anything they would have $450 but they are bound to spend something especially when George is interested in going to the cat house. Also the asking price is $600 it will take a lot longer for them to raise that amount of money. The great depression in America had its effect on many of the characters; money was hard to come by. Loneliness is a major theme in the novel Of Mice and Men because many of the characters suffer from this more than anything else. Loneliness kills Curleys wife, embitters Crooks and candy although Lennie and George put it off through the fact that they have each other for companionship. Guys like us, that work on the ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. Lennie broke in. But not us! Because because I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you, and thats why Pg 14 Steinbeck doesnt offer any answers to the characters problem of loneliness. Showing the reader a graphic and moving portrayal of how loneliness affects people without providing an antidote or giving a happy ending makes the novel really sad. Lennie and Georges dream brought nothing but pain and grief instead of promised joy and happiness, which ties into the tittle of the book which was taken from a poem titled to a mouse by a Scottish poet called Robert Burns. This poem was about how a mouse, which had planned for the winter by making a nest, had its nest ruined by a tractor. George and Lennie planned carefully how they were going to achieve their dream of being free and independent but forces beyond their control shattered their dream. Steinbeck never suggests that dreams should not be had, Lennie and Georges dream was so powerful that Candy was drawn in and for a short time so was the cynical Crooks. This dream was what comforted Lennie and helped George survive. The dreams the characters had had to be had they were what was needed to hold on to, to survive and to work for. This period of time made people bitter because they were lonely, the only person they had to look out for was themselves, kindness had no place on the ranch. They all cried out for love and care but only Lennie openly expressed his need for it through his constant talk of rabbits. Characters like Crooks had become cynical, he had lost hope and he couldnt dream. At first when Lennie talked of his dream Crooks thought it was another pathetic dream he was beyond imagining how everything could be. Curleys wifes dream was rather pathetic and quite unrealistic but it was a form of escapism for her. So she fantasised about her dream coming true but it was her way of coping when she was in an unhappy marriage that she had no way out of. It is sad to think that the loneliness that she was trying to get away from killed her in the end.

Affirmitive Action Essay -- essays research papers

The Facts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson issues an Executive Order 11246 requiring federal contractors to â€Å"take affirmative action† to ensure that they do not engage in discriminatory practices against workers because of race creed, color, or national origin. Two years later gender was added to the list. Affirmative action is the practice, usually by institutions or employment in government and business, of giving preference to racial minorities and women. The politics were originally developed to correct decades of discrimination and to give disadvantaged minorities a boost. The diversity of our current society as opposed to that of 50 years ago seems to indicate the programs have been a success. Now, many think the policies are no longer needed and that they led to more problems than they solve.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One particular kind of affirmative action is racial quotas, or deciding on a specific number or percentage of members of a given minority group that a company or institution had to accept. These racial quotas improved diversity to some degree, but was considered too crude by many people. Now affirmative action usually involves involves using race, gender, socioeconomic background, and/or sexual orientation status as a positive factor in hiring or admissions decisions. Supporters   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  George E. Curry, a strong supporter of affirmative action (AA) knew it would happen when anti-affirmative action supporters would begin to poke fun at the decision made by the Supreme Court on the University of Michigan landmark case. A group of Conservative students at Roger William University in Rhode Island is offering a Whites-only scholarship valued at only $250 each. In addition to Whites-only scholarship, other attempts at humor include so-called affirmative action bake sales. At Southern Methodist University in Dallas, for example, Young Conservatives of Texas offered cookies at different prices. White males were charged $1 for each cookie, white women were charged 75 cents for each cookie, Hispanics were charged 50 cent and African Americans 25 cents. Similar bakes sale were held at Columbia University, the University of California at Berkeley, the University of Texas, Northwestern University, the University of Michigan and the University of Indiana.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A ... ...till present discrimination today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But at the same time, minority students in top colleges are disproportionately from middle and upper-middle class backgrounds, this it true for white college students as well. AA does not cure all of America’s social ills, but it can help eliminate the gaps between the average incomes and educations levels of different races. I think AA should be applied to not only race but economic background as well. I think the current system is out dated on both ends of the argument. However since we will never live in a colorblind society, I believe that there should be monitors to make sure that all admission and hiring is done on the up and up. No discrimination and no reverse discrimination. Curry, G. E. (2004, March 1) Affirmative Action War Still Rages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Retrieved June 25, 2004   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Http://georgecurry.com/columns/index1.shtml?id=1078378827 Connerly, W (2002, May 12) Ward Connerly and the American Civil Rights Institute Retrieved June 25, 2004  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.mediatransparency.org/people/ward_connerly.htm